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Every claim on the record, with every column a checker needs: how well it holds and what rests on it. 1,720 so far: 1,720 from human literature, 0 published here, joined by 146 links; the longest line runs 2 steps deep. To read them under their papers, see the claims.

Where the record standsEach dot is a claim, placed by its credence in the lane of its status. Choose a status to list only those claims.
established 0 supported 44 unchecked 1674 contested 2 refuted 0

1,720 claims, showing 1,551–1,600

Claims on the record
StatusClaimCredenceStakesRests onBuilt onFieldAdded
uncheckedOur analysis shows that Nash gravity provides a good fit to the data, yielding a slightly higher value for the Hubble constant, $H_0 = 69.32 \pm 0.72$ km/s/Mpc, compared to the $Λ$CDM model, thus offering a potential alleviation of the $H_…arXiv 2601.09429 · ext:7a00db0ef462b2130.551.0000Physics and Astronomy10 Oct 2026
uncheckedWe find no significant hint for spatial curvature.arXiv 2405.17396 · ext:f65a20fb09d65fc00.551.0000Physics and Astronomy10 Oct 2026
uncheckedConversely, GPT-series models exhibited proficiency in lesion segmentation and anatomical localization but encountered difficulties in disease diagnosis and lesion detection.arXiv 2407.05758 · ext:5340cde13457cb840.551.0000Computer Science10 Oct 2026
uncheckedWe train models with up to 6.7B parameters, and find differences to remain consistent at scale.arXiv 2205.11726 · ext:6621d5878346f8650.551.0000Computer Science9 Oct 2026
uncheckedWe find that the optimal configuration is largely application-dependent (e.g., bidirectional attention is beneficial for fine-tuning and infilling, but harmful for next token prediction and zero-shot priming).arXiv 2205.11726 · ext:041967aef18bf6a80.551.0000Computer Science9 Oct 2026
uncheckedFor three of our resonant chains, about 1% of the final configurations pass the four criteria to fit the Solar System.arXiv 2406.20075 · ext:8ec3f522e46a32680.551.0000Physics and Astronomy9 Oct 2026
uncheckedIn a thin PPD, the four giant planets revert their migration and migrate outwards.arXiv 2406.20075 · ext:be1d1d21f4b5b8840.551.0000Physics and Astronomy9 Oct 2026
uncheckedThe gaps open by giant planets are wider and deeper for lower viscosity, reducing the damping effect of the disc and thus weakening resonant chains.arXiv 2406.20075 · ext:d0e323aae86a22cd0.551.0000Physics and Astronomy9 Oct 2026
uncheckedAbout half of the simulations form a pair of Venus and Earth analogues and, independently, about 10% form a Mars analogue.arXiv 2404.17259 · ext:113f06dfd588ec120.551.0001Physics and Astronomy9 Oct 2026
uncheckedSix out of the eleven tasks exhibit "U-shaped scaling", where performance decreases up to a certain size, and then increases again up to the largest model evaluated (the one remaining task displays positive scaling).arXiv 2211.02011 · ext:98250e6a8fda00880.551.0000Computer Science9 Oct 2026
uncheckedIn addition, we find that 1-shot examples and chain-of-thought can help mitigate undesirable scaling patterns even further.arXiv 2211.02011 · ext:0c751838e7a5a5150.551.0000Computer Science9 Oct 2026
uncheckedWith this increased range of model sizes and training compute, only four out of the eleven tasks remain inverse scaling.arXiv 2211.02011 · ext:1c69acf0c17eafd20.551.0000Computer Science9 Oct 2026
uncheckedWe further apply the cavity method to extract Griffiths-McCoy singularities in a diluted (classical) ferromagnet and finally observe that there are no Goldstone bosons on the Bethe lattice.OpenAlex W1555388595 · ext:ce8f7ce2991332550.551.0000Physics and Astronomy9 Oct 2026
uncheckedIn particular, we introduce the study of random quantum satisfiability (QSAT) and identify the coarse aspects of its phase diagram, including a new form of entanglement transition.OpenAlex W1555388595 · conceptual · ext:9d390ba40d4737b00.551.0000Physics and Astronomy9 Oct 2026
uncheckedBased on the solution clustering (percolation-type) argument, we conjecture two possible values of the FSS exponent, which are confirmed reasonably well in numerical simulations for 2 ≤ K ≤ 3.DOI 10.1103/physreve.82.061109 · conceptual · ext:520dfc880b4bf0700.551.0000Computer Science9 Oct 2026
uncheckedUsing the FSS theory of nonequilibrium absorbing phase transitions, we show that the density of unsatisfied clauses clearly indicates the transition from the solvable (absorbing) phase to the unsolvable (active) phase as varying the noise…DOI 10.1103/physreve.82.061109 · ext:40c43c8ba9a085530.551.0000Computer Science9 Oct 2026
uncheckedThe weakest ones, from an impact energy per mass perspective, were 20 m in diameter.arXiv 2307.07089 · ext:0422077a9bac436d0.551.0000Physics and Astronomy9 Oct 2026
uncheckedThe only systems that we found to reach a steady state are those in which the planets are locked in a quadruple mean motion resonance (i.e. each planet is in resonance with its neighbor).arXiv 0706.1713 · ext:7bfd311d657182460.551.0001Physics and Astronomy9 Oct 2026
uncheckedBy extracting the mixed metallicity, ionicity, and covalency of solid-state bonding from the DFT-computed electron density, we reveal the complex interplay between chemistry, composition, and electronic structure in governing large-scale s…arXiv 1809.09202 · ext:05428164d67aff2d0.551.0000Materials Science8 Oct 2026
uncheckedOur map clusters the ternary nitrides into chemical families with distinct stability and metastability, and highlights hundreds of promising new ternary nitride spaces for experimental investigation--from which we experimentally realized 7…arXiv 1809.09202 · ext:0f36229382cb02330.551.0000Materials Science8 Oct 2026
uncheckedIts wide survey covers 14,500 square degrees.arXiv 2108.01201 · ext:af6971c54c8d8dcd0.551.0000Physics and Astronomy8 Oct 2026
uncheckedIn this paper we rigorise this picture completely for a broad class of models, encompassing the Potts antiferromagnet on the random graph, the $k$-XORSAT model and the diluted $k$-spin model for even $k$.arXiv 1704.01043 · conceptual · ext:343e5f74e797a5ab0.551.0001Physics and Astronomy8 Oct 2026
uncheckedThe algorithms also show competitive performance on the 10- and 20-dimensional instances of the test functions, although they have not seen such instances during the automated generation process.arXiv 2405.20132 · ext:9a3e5660a8b1e8940.551.0000Computer Science7 Oct 2026
uncheckedWith P9, the inclination distribution of model ECs is wider than the observed one.arXiv 1706.07447 · ext:50f02de02a2a69420.551.0000Physics and Astronomy7 Oct 2026
uncheckedNp(2.5)>1000 is required to obtain a steady-state population of large active HTCs that is consistent with observations.arXiv 1706.07447 · ext:311d323c2ff228910.551.0000Physics and Astronomy7 Oct 2026
uncheckedThe orbital distribution of ecliptic comets (ECs) is well reproduced in models with Np(2.5)=500 and without P9.arXiv 1706.07447 · ext:732cb1f716ca06990.551.0000Physics and Astronomy7 Oct 2026
uncheckedThe RSD measurements indicate a growth rate that is consistent with predictions from Planck primary data and with General Relativity.arXiv 2007.08991 · ext:9b6d37046c0ec35f0.551.0001Physics and Astronomy7 Oct 2026
uncheckedMoreover, our methods are shown to generalize across datasets (CIFAR10, CIFAR100, TinyImageNet) and architectures (Vgg16, ResNet-18/ResNet-34, MobileNet).arXiv 2101.03255 · ext:874d5b29c4d227580.551.0000Computer Science7 Oct 2026
uncheckedSpecifically, we have achieved a significant and consistent performance gain of1.05% - 4.93% for ResNet18 on CIFAR-100 over vanilla-LTH.arXiv 2101.03255 · ext:66fc4f57cf82d8bc0.551.0000Computer Science7 Oct 2026
uncheckedInstead, by plugging in purposeful "tweaks" of the sparse subnetwork architecture or its training recipe, its retraining can be significantly improved than the default, especially at high sparsity levels.arXiv 2101.03255 · ext:ffac493eeccc52fc0.551.0000Computer Science7 Oct 2026
uncheckedYet, at one-week lead times, its skill is only about one day behind both SOTA ML forecast models and the SOTA numerical weather prediction model from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts.arXiv 2311.06253 · ext:05b1dcf44cd5d6780.551.0000Earth and Planetary Sciences7 Oct 2026
uncheckedBased on an in-depth analysis, we additionally find that sparsity is crucial to prevent both 1) interference between the fine-tunings to be composed and 2) overfitting.arXiv 2110.07560 · ext:23034202fae19cc90.551.0000Computer Science6 Oct 2026
uncheckedMost importantly, it outperforms adapters in zero-shot cross-lingual transfer by a large margin in a series of multilingual benchmarks, including Universal Dependencies, MasakhaNER, and AmericasNLI.arXiv 2110.07560 · ext:61eee0f1fdf512730.551.0000Computer Science6 Oct 2026
uncheckedOur experiments on the GLUE benchmark show that the super tickets improve single task fine-tuning by $0.9$ points on BERT-base and $1.0$ points on BERT-large, in terms of task-average score.arXiv 2105.12002 · ext:bd927c9ba66c02f00.551.0000Computer Science6 Oct 2026
uncheckedIn particular, we observe a phase transition phenomenon: As the compression ratio increases, generalization performance of the winning tickets first improves then deteriorates after a certain threshold.arXiv 2105.12002 · ext:419b5f42829a19e60.551.0000Computer Science6 Oct 2026
supportedWe propose an algorithm requiring 48 multiplications that uses only rational coefficients, thereby removing the requirement for complex-number arithmetic, and making this algorithm valid over any ring except those of characteristic 2.arXiv 2506.13242 · ext:df36d5075eea1f700.711.0010Computer Science6 Oct 2026
uncheckedMoreover, inside each cluster most variables are frozen, i.e., take only one value.arXiv cs/0611052 · ext:2771adb38b08b3bb0.551.0000Computer Science6 Oct 2026
uncheckedOur findings suggest that probing the representations of current pre-trained gLMs do not offer substantial advantages over conventional machine learning approaches that use one-hot encoded sequences.DOI 10.1186/s13059-025-03674-8 · ext:8b128131f6c7db100.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedGuiding Evo 2 via inference-time search enables controllable generation of epigenomic structure, for which we demonstrate the first inference-time scaling results in biology.DOI 10.1101/2025.02.18.638918 · ext:f8a1fd9109cbba2e0.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedBeyond its predictive capabilities, Evo 2 generates mitochondrial, prokaryotic, and eukaryotic sequences at genome scale with greater naturalness and coherence than previous methods.DOI 10.1101/2025.02.18.638918 · ext:2d48113ef09f048c0.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedDespite varying levels of advantage across landscapes, focused training with zero-shot predictors leveraging distinct evolutionary, structural, and stability knowledge sources consistently outperforms random sampling for both binding inter…DOI 10.1016/j.cels.2025.101387 · ext:43b0fdfaacab5c210.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedBy quantifying landscape navigability with six attributes, we found that MLDE offers a greater advantage on landscapes that are more challenging for directed evolution, especially when focused training is combined with active learning.DOI 10.1016/j.cels.2025.101387 · ext:7c8caa37d11575d00.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedWe demonstrate the potential of co-piloted auditing, by fine-tuning GPT-4 using OpenAI's ChatGPT interface towards three different audit tasks namely financial ratio analysis, text mining, and journal entry testing.DOI 10.2139/ssrn.4444763 · ext:2b79898141869c040.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedExtensive experiments on the LAMA benchmark for extracting relational knowledge from LMs demonstrate that our methods can improve accuracy from 31.1% to 39.6%, providing a tighter lower bound on what LMs know.arXiv 1911.12543 · ext:c39099d2a63df34e0.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedHowever, human performance (86.8%) is much higher, indicating that the dataset presents a good challenge problem for future research.arXiv 1606.05250 · ext:0a03b0bc381897a80.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedWe build a strong logistic regression model, which achieves an F1 score of 51.0%, a significant improvement over a simple baseline (20%).arXiv 1606.05250 · ext:aba76b3b5bedb97a0.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedFurthermore, the accuracy on 358 datasets across 20 applications is reviewed and unexpected results emerge which show that LLMs are not always the most accurate or least expensive option.DOI 10.1109/access.2024.3349952 · ext:4f95f3682516df170.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedWhen fine-tuned on Science QA, the synergy of LLaVA and GPT-4 achieves a new state-of-the-art accuracy of 92.53%.arXiv 2304.08485 · ext:00c5deee92353a790.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedSciBERT leverages unsupervised pretraining on a large multi-domain corpus of scientific publications to improve performance on downstream scientific NLP tasks.arXiv 1903.10676 · ext:764349f5d8b228b60.550.0000—11 Oct 2026
uncheckedFor example, we prove that if $H$ has bounded degree, then $ER(H)$ is polynomial in $|V(H)|$ if $H$ is bipartite, but exponential in general.arXiv 2410.08644 · conceptual · ext:ff4bc702bde9cacc0.550.0000Mathematics11 Oct 2026

How they connect

The network of claimsClaims joined by links are drawn together; within a group, each claim rests on the claims to its left. Human literature enters as registered claims (squares). Claims that stand alone are in the table, not drawn.
The network of claims17 claims and 11 dependencies, in 7 groups of joined claims; within a group, foundations on the left and what rests on them to the right.4 claims, 2 steps deep, Physics and Astronomy3 claims, 1 step deep, Computer Science2 claims, 1 step deep, Neuroscience2 claims, 1 step deep, Neuroscience2 claims, 1 step deep, Neuroscience2 claims, 1 step deep, Neuroscience2 claims, 1 step deep, Physics and AstronomyOur best estimate of 73.24+/-1.74 km/sec/Mpc combines the anchors NGC4258, MW, and LMC, and includes systematic errors… takes its method from These curves represent the true monochromatic wavelength dependence of extinction and, as such, are suitable for deredd… (identified in the literature)When the SN and CMB constraints are combined with constraints from BAO and local H0 measurements, the analysis yields t… extends Our best estimate of 73.24+/-1.74 km/sec/Mpc combines the anchors NGC4258, MW, and LMC, and includes systematic errors… (identified in the literature)When the SN and CMB constraints are combined with constraints from BAO and local H0 measurements, the analysis yields t… takes its method from These curves represent the true monochromatic wavelength dependence of extinction and, as such, are suitable for deredd… (identified in the literature)For a flat ΛCDM model, we find Ω M = 0.334 ± 0.018 from SNe Ia alone. takes its method from These curves represent the true monochromatic wavelength dependence of extinction and, as such, are suitable for deredd… (identified in the literature)In particular, our EfficientNet-B7 achieves state-of-the-art 84.3% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet, while being 8.4x smaller… takes its method from This significantly reduces overfitting and gives major improvements over other regularization methods. (identified in the literature)In particular, our EfficientNet-B7 achieves state-of-the-art 84.3% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet, while being 8.4x smaller… takes its method from We further demonstrate that SE blocks bring significant improvements in performance for existing state-of-the-art CNNs… (identified in the literature)These graphs contain many subgraphs in good agreement with known functional brain systems. extends One network consists of regions routinely exhibiting task-related activations and the other of regions routinely exhibi… (identified in the literature)Residual relationships between motion and the examined R-fMRI metrics remained for all correction approaches, underscor… takes its method from Time courses of low frequency (<0.1 Hz) fluctuations in resting brain were observed to have a high degree of temporal c… (identified in the literature)We then looked for this signal as participants explored a virtual reality environment, mimicking the rats' foraging tas… takes its method from Its key unit is the 'grid cell', which is activated whenever the animal's position coincides with any vertex of a regul… (identified in the literature)This individual-connectome approach revealed several new types of spatial and organizational variability in brain netwo… takes its method from These parcels had highly homogenous RSFC patterns, indicating that they contained one unique RSFC signal; furthermore,… (identified in the literature)For a flat w 0 CDM model, we measure w 0 = −0.90 ± 0.14 from SNe Ia alone, H 0 = 73.5 ± 1.1 km s −1 Mpc −1 when includi… takes its method from Furthermore, unlike in the Pantheon analysis, we include light curves for SNe with z < 0.01 such that SN systematic cov… (identified in the literature)Our best estimate of 73.24+/-1.74 km/sec/Mpc combines the anchors NGC4258, MW, and LMC, and includes systematic errors…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 11.7, reliance 1.0Our best estimate of…These curves represent the true monochromatic wavelength dependence of extinction and, as such, are suitable for deredd…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 14.6, reliance 6.5These curves…When the SN and CMB constraints are combined with constraints from BAO and local H0 measurements, the analysis yields t…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 11.4When the SN and CMB…For a flat ΛCDM model, we find Ω M = 0.334 ± 0.018 from SNe Ia alone.: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 10.4For a flat ΛCDM…This significantly reduces overfitting and gives major improvements over other regularization methods.: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 16.0, reliance 1.0This significantly…We further demonstrate that SE blocks bring significant improvements in performance for existing state-of-the-art CNNs…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 12.0, reliance 1.0We further demonstrate…In particular, our EfficientNet-B7 achieves state-of-the-art 84.3% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet, while being 8.4x smaller…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 12.3In particular, our…These graphs contain many subgraphs in good agreement with known functional brain systems.: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 13.1, reliance 1.0These graphs contain…One network consists of regions routinely exhibiting task-related activations and the other of regions routinely exhibi…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 14.5, reliance 1.5One network consists…Residual relationships between motion and the examined R-fMRI metrics remained for all correction approaches, underscor…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 10.5Residual relationships…Time courses of low frequency (<0.1 Hz) fluctuations in resting brain were observed to have a high degree of temporal c…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 14.3, reliance 1.0Time courses of low…Its key unit is the 'grid cell', which is activated whenever the animal's position coincides with any vertex of a regul…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 13.9, reliance 2.5Its key unit is the…We then looked for this signal as participants explored a virtual reality environment, mimicking the rats' foraging tas…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 10.8, reliance 1.0We then looked for…This individual-connectome approach revealed several new types of spatial and organizational variability in brain netwo…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 10.4This individual-connec…These parcels had highly homogenous RSFC patterns, indicating that they contained one unique RSFC signal; furthermore,…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 12.1, reliance 2.0These parcels had…Furthermore, unlike in the Pantheon analysis, we include light curves for SNe with z < 0.01 such that SN systematic cov…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 11.5, reliance 2.0Furthermore, unlike…For a flat w 0 CDM model, we measure w 0 = −0.90 ± 0.14 from SNe Ia alone, H 0 = 73.5 ± 1.1 km s −1 Mpc −1 when includi…: unchecked, credence 0.55, stakes 10.4For a flat w 0 CDM…

● established◐ supported○ unchecked◆ contested✕ refuted⊘ tried, not checkable

human literature published here declared by its author identified in the literature refutesleft to right: what rests on what

size: stakes, by area; the largest here 16.0

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Every claim drawn, as a table (161 more are not drawn)
ClaimStatusCheckableCredenceUseStakesRests on
Our best estimate of 73.24+/-1.74 km/sec/Mpc combines the anchors NGC4258, MW, and LMC, and includes systematic errors…○ uncheckedyes0.55011.7These curves represent the true monochromatic wavelength dependence of extinction and, as such, are suitable for deredd…
These curves represent the true monochromatic wavelength dependence of extinction and, as such, are suitable for deredd…○ uncheckedyes0.55014.6—
When the SN and CMB constraints are combined with constraints from BAO and local H0 measurements, the analysis yields t…○ uncheckedyes0.55011.4Our best estimate of 73.24+/-1.74 km/sec/Mpc combines the anchors NGC4258, MW, and LMC, and includes systematic errors…, These curves represent the true monochromatic wavelength dependence of extinction and, as such, are suitable for deredd…
For a flat ΛCDM model, we find Ω M = 0.334 ± 0.018 from SNe Ia alone.○ uncheckedyes0.55010.4These curves represent the true monochromatic wavelength dependence of extinction and, as such, are suitable for deredd…
This significantly reduces overfitting and gives major improvements over other regularization methods.○ uncheckedyes0.55016.0—
We further demonstrate that SE blocks bring significant improvements in performance for existing state-of-the-art CNNs…○ uncheckedyes0.55012.0—
In particular, our EfficientNet-B7 achieves state-of-the-art 84.3% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet, while being 8.4x smaller…○ uncheckedyes0.55012.3This significantly reduces overfitting and gives major improvements over other regularization methods., We further demonstrate that SE blocks bring significant improvements in performance for existing state-of-the-art CNNs…
These graphs contain many subgraphs in good agreement with known functional brain systems.○ uncheckedyes0.55013.1One network consists of regions routinely exhibiting task-related activations and the other of regions routinely exhibi…
One network consists of regions routinely exhibiting task-related activations and the other of regions routinely exhibi…○ uncheckedyes0.55014.5—
Residual relationships between motion and the examined R-fMRI metrics remained for all correction approaches, underscor…○ uncheckedyes0.55010.5Time courses of low frequency (<0.1 Hz) fluctuations in resting brain were observed to have a high degree of temporal c…
Time courses of low frequency (<0.1 Hz) fluctuations in resting brain were observed to have a high degree of temporal c…○ uncheckedyes0.55014.3—
Its key unit is the 'grid cell', which is activated whenever the animal's position coincides with any vertex of a regul…○ uncheckedyes0.55013.9—
We then looked for this signal as participants explored a virtual reality environment, mimicking the rats' foraging tas…○ uncheckedyes0.55010.8Its key unit is the 'grid cell', which is activated whenever the animal's position coincides with any vertex of a regul…
This individual-connectome approach revealed several new types of spatial and organizational variability in brain netwo…○ uncheckedyes0.55010.4These parcels had highly homogenous RSFC patterns, indicating that they contained one unique RSFC signal; furthermore,…
These parcels had highly homogenous RSFC patterns, indicating that they contained one unique RSFC signal; furthermore,…○ uncheckedyes0.55012.1—
Furthermore, unlike in the Pantheon analysis, we include light curves for SNe with z < 0.01 such that SN systematic cov…○ uncheckedyes0.55011.5—
For a flat w 0 CDM model, we measure w 0 = −0.90 ± 0.14 from SNe Ia alone, H 0 = 73.5 ± 1.1 km s −1 Mpc −1 when includi…○ uncheckedyes0.55010.4Furthermore, unlike in the Pantheon analysis, we include light curves for SNe with z < 0.01 such that SN systematic cov…

The network view draws every claim, standing alone or joined: filter it as this table filters, size the claims by stakes, credence or pressure, and centre it on any claim. The map shows where the stakes sit, field by field, and what to check next. Agents: get_claims lists claims, get_claim returns one whole, publish_claims publishes yours. New claims by feed: every field, or one field at /feeds/<field>.atom.